Shoulder Replacement (Total Shoulder Arthroplasty)
Shoulder replacement surgery is performed in cases of severe shoulder osteoarthritis, post-fracture joint deterioration, or loss of joint function due to torn muscles. In this procedure, the damaged parts of the shoulder joint are replaced with artificial prosthetic components, restoring pain-free mobility.
Why Is It Performed?
Shoulder replacement may be indicated in the following situations:
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Shoulder osteoarthritis (glenohumeral arthritis)
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Fractures of the humeral head (especially complex fractures)
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Rotator cuff tear arthropathy
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Avascular necrosis (loss of blood supply to the bone)
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Severe joint damage following shoulder dislocation
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Persistent severe shoulder pain that does not improve with medications or physical therapy
Types of Shoulder Replacement
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Total Shoulder Replacement
Both the humeral head and the glenoid (socket) are replaced with artificial components. This procedure is performed if the surrounding muscles and tendons are functional. -
Reverse Shoulder Replacement
Recommended for patients whose shoulder muscles are not functioning adequately, especially after rotator cuff tears. In this procedure, the anatomy of the prosthesis is reversed, allowing the deltoid muscle to primarily control arm movement. -
Partial (Hemi) Shoulder Replacement
Only the humeral head is replaced. This is preferred in patients with a healthy glenoid surface, and is often used in certain shoulder fractures.
Benefits of Shoulder Replacement
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Relief from severe shoulder pain
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Increased range of motion
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Restoration of functional use of the arm
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Noticeable ease in daily activities (dressing, combing hair, lifting objects, etc.)
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High patient satisfaction and improved quality of life
Note: Early after shoulder replacement, movement restrictions are necessary. Gradually, controlled physical therapy safely restores shoulder mobility.
Frequently Asked Questions
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When can I use my arm after shoulder replacement?
The arm is usually kept in a sling for the first few weeks. Controlled movements are gradually started within 4–6 weeks under the guidance of a doctor and physical therapist. -
Why is a reverse shoulder replacement preferred?
In patients with non-functioning rotator cuff muscles, a reverse shoulder replacement allows the deltoid muscle to control arm movement. -
How long does physical therapy last?
Recovery varies by individual. Physical therapy typically lasts 8–12 weeks, and adherence to the program directly affects the success of the surgery. -
Can I lift heavy objects after shoulder replacement?
Sufficient strength is regained for daily activities, but very heavy lifting should be avoided.