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Knee Replacement (Total Knee Arthroplasty)

Knee replacement surgery is a procedure performed for patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis, deformity, or limited range of motion. In this surgery, the damaged joint surfaces are replaced with specialized metal and plastic components, allowing the knee to function pain-free and restore mobility.

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Why Is It Performed?

Total knee replacement may be indicated in the following situations:
 

  • Advanced knee osteoarthritis

  • Rheumatic diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis)

  • Joint damage and deformity resulting from trauma

  • Severe limitation of knee motion

  • Persistent pain that does not improve with medications or physical therapy

Types of Knee Replacement

  1. Total Knee Replacement
    Both the femoral (thigh bone) and tibial (shin bone) surfaces of the knee joint are replaced with artificial implants. The patella (kneecap) may also be replaced if necessary.

  2. Unicompartmental Knee Replacement (Partial Knee Replacement)
    Only the damaged portion of the knee—either the medial (inner) or lateral (outer) compartment—is replaced, while the remaining knee structures are preserved. This is a less invasive option for suitable patients.

  3. Revision Knee Replacement
    Performed when a previous knee replacement needs to be revised due to loosening, wear, or infection.

Benefits of Knee Replacement

  • Relief from chronic knee pain

  • Easier mobility, including walking, climbing stairs, and sitting

  • Correction of joint deformities

  • Noticeable improvement in daily life quality

  • Long-lasting results, with implants typically lasting 15–20 years or more in suitable patients

Note: The success of knee replacement surgery depends directly on proper surgical technique, the use of high-quality implants, and the patient’s commitment to physical therapy.

Frequently Asked Questions

  1. When can I stand up after knee replacement surgery?
    Patients are usually assisted to walk within the first 24 hours after surgery, initially using a walker or cane for support.

  2. How long is the recovery period?
    Full recovery varies by individual, but most patients are able to return to daily activities within 6 to 12 weeks.

  3. Is physical therapy mandatory?
    Yes. Regular postoperative physical therapy is essential for a successful outcome.

  4. Can I play sports after knee replacement?
    Low-impact activities such as swimming, walking, and golf are generally allowed. Activities that put sudden stress on the knee are not recommended.

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